James's working notes from Western Civ class

Table of Contents

Common Sense

What is the nature of common sense? Is it the same thing as IntuitionIntuition
Intuition

[[Hume]] speaks of intuitive custom being what allows us to understand cause/effect & connect ideas. (See [[Hume, Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding]] and [[Reason#Is man essentially a rational animal]])

Hume speaks of this custom ([[Hume, Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding|Enquiry]], Sec 6, Para 22):

As nature has taught us the use of our limbs, without giving us the knowledge of the muscles and nerves, by which they are actuated; so she has implanted in us an inst...
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  • can common sense contradict itself? ContradictionsCommon Sense
    Common Sense

    What is the nature of common sense?
    Is it the same thing as [[Intuition]]?

    can common sense contradict itself? ContradictionsCommon Sense
    Common Sense

    What is the nature of common sense?
    Is it the same thing as [[Intuition]]?

    can common sense contradict itself? [[Common Sense#Contradictions|Contradictions]]


    Reid

    Common Sense precedes [[Reason]]
    principles of common sense: "certain principles…which the constitution of our nature leads us to believe, and which we are under a necessity to take for granted in the common concerns of life, without being able to give a reason for them." ([[Reid, Inquiry & Essays]], pg 2...



    Reid

    Common Sense precedes [[Reason]]
    principles of common sense: "certain principles…which the constitution of our nature leads us to believe, and which we are under a necessity to take for granted in the common concerns of life, without being able to give a reason for them." ([[Reid, Inquiry & Essays]], pg 2...

Reid

  • Common Sense precedes ReasonReason
    Reason

    reason is the "natural light" DescartesDescartes
    Rene Descartes

    Background Info

    1596-1650
    educated at Univ of Paris
    Catholic Christian
    not an academic




    wrote [[Descartes, Meditations of First Philosophy]] from a [[Rationalism
    rationalistic]] perspective




    claims he is making a whole new start in philosophy
    D. arrived at a certain and evident knowledge of the truth. He wants to see if he can persuade others by the same method that he himself used.
    ...

    what is the difference b/t reason & thinking?

    what is thinking?

    processing information?

    in this case, can an animal think?




    what is reason?

    a type of thinking?




    can you only accept what has been proven by reason?
    reason is like a telescope: it lets us see things clearer; but it must have ...
  • principles of common sense: "certain principles…which the constitution of our nature leads us to believe, and which we are under a necessity to take for granted in the common concerns of life, without being able to give a reason for them." (Reid, Inquiry & Essays, pg 20)
    • common principles that everyone believes, even if they deny it

Contradictions

Common Sense can contradict itself Example: If you taste a thing on one day, and then get sick and taste the same thing the next day, it will taste different. Your common sense tells you: 1) that the food hasn't changed taste; 2) that you should trust your senses; and 3) that you can trust your memory. This leads to a contradiction