Hegel
Wrote: Intro to Philosophy of HistoryHegel, Intro to Philosophy of History
Intro to Philosophy of History
Written by [[Hegel]]
Themes
Spirit:
consciousness
self-consciousness
freedom
progress of history
Class Notes
![[Hegel, Intro to Philosophy of History.pdf]]
Summary
Hegel wrote about Spirit, and how it is realized. He explained that the essence of Spirit is Freedom, so then he had to talk about Freedom; and that led to a discussion of consciousness (specifically self-consciousness) and existence. You see, Spirit exists in itself, meaning that it is...
Notes
- absolute idealist
- key member of German IdealismGerman Idealism
German Idealism
Members
Fichte
HegelHegel
Hegel
Wrote: Intro to Philosophy of HistoryHegel, Intro to Philosophy of History
Intro to Philosophy of History
Written by [[Hegel]]
Themes
Spirit:
consciousness
self-consciousness
freedom
progress of history
Class Notes
![[Hegel, Intro to Philosophy of History.pdf]]
Summary
Hegel wrote about Spirit, and how it is realized. He explained that the essence of Spirit is Freedom, so then he had to talk about Freedom; and that led to a discussion of consciousness (specifically self-consciousness) and existence. You see, Spirit exists in itself, meaning that it is...
Notes
absolute idealist
key member of German IdealismGerman Idealism
German Idealism
Members
Fichte
[[Hegel]]
Schelling
Spinoza
Schleiermacher
[[Schopenhauer]]
Map of 19th Century Philosophers
![[Map of 19th c. philosophers.png]]
Class Notes
speculative massive encompassing system
everything is idea
grew out of trying to complete [[Kant]] (Transcendental Idealism)
Kant's epistemology of the phenomena & noumena (the thing in itself); the noumena is unknowable
Fichte combines the phenomena & noumena; everything th...
student of Fichte & relied on him in his work
the great intellect is not personal & is accessible to man b/c man's intellect is an extension of its intellect
view of history
teleological development - development in a direction (Darwin takes this and runs w/ it)
history recognizes internal contradictions and s...
Schelling
Spinoza
Schleiermacher
[[Schopenhauer]]
Map of 19th Century Philosophers
![[Map of 19th c. philosophers.png]]
Class Notes
speculative massive encompassing system
everything is idea
grew out of trying to complete KantKant
Kant
Wrote [[Kant, What is Enlightenment?]]
Man's primary problem isn't sin; it's that he doesn't have the freedom to reason & be enlightened (??)
Background
came from Prussia, wrote under Frederick the Great
Kant - a rationalist who wants to confine reason to the bounds of experience
reason is bound by the condition of possible experience; cannot reason about unexperienced things
so, we can't reason a/b God crating the world because we didn't experience it
... (Transcendental Idealism)
Kant's epistemology of the phenomena & noumena (the thing in itself); the noumena is unknowable
Fichte combines the phenomena & noumena; everything th... - student of Fichte & relied on him in his work
- the great intellect is not personal & is accessible to man b/c man's intellect is an extension of its intellect
- view of history
- teleological development - development in a direction (Darwin takes this and runs w/ it)
- history recognizes internal contradictions and seeks to fix them
- e.g. in America, all men are free, but there were also slaves; history then corrected that contradiction
- the better-developed the World-Spirit is, the more freely it can act
- substitutes reason for religion
- KierkegaardKierkegaard
Kierkegaard
Notes
took Hegel's historical progress model and applied that to people
Parts of a life
aesthetic - devoted to the things around you
ethical - rule following
religious - existentially committed to the infinite
life is about dealing w/ internal contradictions in yourself
inwardness - who you are underneath the external layers that others see
critizing the very superficial state churc... critizes him for rationalizing religions existential parts
- KierkegaardKierkegaard
Later
- Young Hegelians
- Right Hegelians
- develop Hegel's political statism
- Germany has reached the top, so now we conserve it
- but still insist on a personal God
- its different eras affected the development of Christianity